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June 24

Inti Raymi (Sun Festival)

n annual cultural and religious observance, celebrated primarily on 24 June across the Andean regions of South America, particularly in Cusco, Peru, dedicated to honoring Inti, the Inca Sun God. It serves as a vibrant, historic ceremony marking the winter solstice, the shortest day of the year, and symbolically welcoming the return of the sun to ensure a bountiful harvest for the coming cycle. Beyond its deep spiritual roots in Inca civilization, the day provides a profound display of indigenous identity, communal unity, and the preservation of ancestral heritage. It is an opportunity to recognize the enduring legacy of Andean culture, inviting a global appreciation for the complex traditions, music, and pageantry that continue to bridge the past and the present.

A vibrant display of traditional Peruvian colours and culture in Cusco

Speaking Discussion

  • Why did almost all ancient civilisations worship the sun as their most important god?
  • Is it important to keep ancient religious ceremonies alive, even if people no longer believe in the religion?
  • How do massive historical reenactments help a country's tourism industry?
  • What ancient ruins or historical sites exist in your country?
  • If you could travel back in time to witness any ancient civilisation, which would you choose?

Activity 1: The Great Debate

Motion: "Ancient religious festivals should be completely modernised to remove rituals like sun worship or animal sacrifices to better reflect 21st-century values."

Split the class into two sides. Team A defends the preservation of every ancient detail for cultural accuracy; Team B argues for evolving traditions to match modern ethics and beliefs.

Activity 2: Rapid Fire Sentences

Complete the sentence and justify it in 20 seconds.

  • "If I had to create a massive festival to honour one element of nature (Sun, Water, or Wind), I would choose..."
  • "The most powerful force in the natural world is definitely..."
  • "I think humans are still deeply connected to ancient traditions because..."